Crypto License in Czech Republic

The Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation, or MiCA by its acronym,, is a regulatory framework developed by the European Commission to regulate crypto-asset markets and related services. The regulation covers areas that are not currently regulated by existing EU rules.

The development of MiCA began in 2018 to create a single licensing regime for all EU member states. This is meant to help harmonize the cryptocurrency regulation in line with the European Digital Finance Strategy. The official title of the regulation is “Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on Markets in Crypto-assets, and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937”. The regulation is scheduled to come into force in 2024.

MiCA will be applied in all EU member states upon its adoption. The regulation will provide a new legal framework for the regulation of crypto assets and service providers that were previously not subject to the common EU rules. It will make the provision of crypto services legal throughout the EU.

Czech readiness for MiCA regulation

On the 14th of February of 2024, the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic held an expert seminar on the readiness of the Czech crypto industry for the European MiCA regulation.

The seminar tackled key issues related to the Czech Republic’s readiness for MiCA implementation. Representatives from the Department of Trade and Consumer Law emphasized the importance of complying with consumer protection regulations and preserving the principles of free trade in cryptocurrencies. These discussions provided valuable information that will be addressed in the upcoming legislation.

For the Czech Republic, MiCA will present significant growth opportunities in the cryptocurrency sector. Companies holding crypto licenses in the Czech Republic can access the single European market and offer their services across the EU, following the same regulatory requirements. It will also increase security and transparency in the local crypto asset market, increasing investor and user confidence.
The adoption of MiCA will ensure the Czech Republic’s integration into the pan-European financial ecosystem and strengthen its position in the international arena. National regulators will work within a single legal framework, which will simplify the licensing and supervision of cryptocurrency companies, stimulating their development and attracting investment.

Czech AML law defines cryptocurrency as electronically storable or transferable unit that is capable of performing a payment, exchange or investment function whether or not it has an issuer with exception of financial instruments (in the meaning of MiFID), electronic money (in the meaning of E-Money Directive) or fiat money (in any form). Therefore, Czech’s virtual currency definition covers all utility tokens, including some stablecoins, but for operation with security tokens additional license may be needed. It’s important to note, that some of activities related to crypto assets may require additional licenses (e. g. investment firm license, asset manager or fund manager licenses, etc.), however there’s no restrictions or even requirements to be licensed for companies, which are using crypto for their own purposes, like:

• they only accept virtual currency as payment for goods or services;
• operate mining facilities or combined mining;
• they issue the game currency, i.e., the computer game operator issues the game currency, but it is not a virtual currency.

For understanding if some activity requires a crypto license in Czech Republic or another financial license (usually issued by CNB), as well as for qualification of certain cryptocurrency, it is recommended to consult with our lawyers. As for preliminary assessment of crypto-related activities we would also recommend reviewing the following legal acts:

• Banks Act – establishes grounds for Banks’ activities and may help for understanding principle of custody services provision.
• Law On Business On The Capital Market – contains definitions of Financial instruments, as well requirements for transactions with such instruments.
• Act on Investment Companies and Investment Funds – contains Basic principles of asset management and requirements for fund managers.
• Payment Systems Act – regulates payment systems (incl. EMIs) and licensing of this type of business

If you are planning to open a Czech cryptocurrency company, it is necessary to study cryptocurrency taxes in the Czech Republic. As in other European countries, taxation is regulated by the state tax authority. According to the generally accepted rules, the tax year must correspond to the calendar year, but the company may define the reporting year as the tax year.

Taxation for a crypto company may vary based on the services provided, but not from the standard regimes of other businesses, provided that the European Union government does not enact special legislation. Example: The CJEU (Court of Justice of the EU) has ruled that when paying value-added tax, cryptocurrency (such as BTC) is treated as traditional, and therefore the exchange services provided are exempt from VAT.

Moreover, in 2007, the Czech government introduced an additional obligation for banks: cryptocurrency exchanges and other providers of virtual financial services are required to identify customers. This was aimed at the transparency of cryptocurrency and creating conditions where the use of cryptocurrency by anonymous taxpayers would be difficult for tax evasion.

Cryptocurrency transactions are generally not subject to VAT but can be passed on to cryptocurrency buyers if the government wants to collect tax on the transaction. This happens very rarely, mostly the buyer is exempt from paying this tax.

That said, crypto companies that provide different types of services and products need to get registered as VAT payers.

Czech companies must pay the following tax rates:

• Corporate Income Taxes (CIT) – 21%
• Taxes on profits (BT) – 19%
• Capital Gains Taxes (WCL) – 0% to 19%
• Value Added Tax (VAT) – the basic rate of 21%
• Social Security (SVP) – 24.8%
• Health insurance (SA) – 9%

In addition, if the company has officially employed employees, it is necessary to pay social insurance, and health insurance, and make contributions to the pension fund Companies that are Czech residents are taxed based on their profits, while non-resident companies are taxed only on profits that have been earned in the Czech Republic.

However, if the main office of the company will be located in the Czech Republic, this company gets the status of a resident taxpayer. Remember that evading any state-mandated crypto tax payments in the Czech Republic entails liability.

Czech crypto companies have an obligation to identify clients in case when volume of transaction(s) performed with the client exceeds 1 000 €. It’s applicable for one or more crypto exchange operations during the client’s lifetime (without term). Also, the same obligation exists, if there’s business relationship (long-term contract) is established with the client. It is applicable when VASP opens a crypto wallet for the client or makes an account on the platform.

Client’s identification should be performed in the course of a face to face personal meeting with the client. It means real meeting, not video or any other procedure. Nevertheless there’s some exceptions for avoiding personal meetings with a client. First exception is to use eIDAS means – it is in use in some EU countries, however there’s no many people outside the EU who have such means. Second option is using Bank ID – a specific solution, developed for the Czech market and used by Czech banks.

If these 2 options are not available, there’s also another exception which exceptions for avoiding personal meetings with the client. They require to collect at least 2 documents confirming identity (e.g. passport & ID card or driver’s license), conclude contract in writing and perform 1stpayment in the course of service provided through an account opened on the name of the client in the European Economic Area (EEA) payment institution. It also may create additional issues for clients, who are not residents of EEA: usually it may be problematic to open an account in EEA payment institution for such clients. It’s important to note that verification procedure (incl. making payment through the relevant account) shall be performed before starting other interactions with the client (e.g. opening crypto wallet, performing crypto to crypto exchange, etc.). This approach creates additional issues for VASP, which are not involved in transactions with fiat currencies (e.g. DAOs, DEX, ICO with only crypto funding).